{"id":21,"date":"2026-04-09T15:59:34","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T07:59:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/?p=21"},"modified":"2026-04-09T15:59:34","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T07:59:34","slug":"%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%9a%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e7%94%a8flask%e5%b0%81%e8%a3%85sqlite%e7%9a%84api%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/?p=21","title":{"rendered":"\u65b9\u6848\u4e8c\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u7528Flask\u5c01\u88c5SQLite\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 Flask \u5c01\u88c5 SQLite \u7684 API \u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7ecf\u5178\u4e14\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u89c4\u8303\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 <strong>Flask-SQLAlchemy<\/strong>\uff08ORM \u6846\u67b6\uff09\u914d\u5408 <strong>Flask-RESTful<\/strong>\uff08RESTful API \u6269\u5c55\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u7528 Python \u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5199\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u539f\u751f SQL \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u80fd\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670\u7684 RESTful \u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u201c\u7528\u6237\u201d\u6570\u636e\u7684 API\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4ee5\u4e0b Python \u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pip install flask flask-sqlalchemy flask-restful<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcbb \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u7f16\u5199 API \u670d\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801 (<code>app.py<\/code>)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u8d44\u6e90\u63a5\u53e3\uff1a<code>UserList<\/code>\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\uff09\u548c <code>UserItem<\/code>\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from flask import Flask, request, jsonify\nfrom flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy\nfrom flask_restful import Resource, Api, reqparse\nfrom werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash\n\n# 1. \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u6269\u5c55\napp = Flask(__name__)\n# \u914d\u7f6e SQLite \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\napp.config&#91;'SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:\/\/\/users.db'\napp.config&#91;'SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False\napp.secret_key = 'your-secret-key' # \u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b49\u5b89\u5168\u64cd\u4f5c\n\ndb = SQLAlchemy(app)\napi = Api(app)\n\n# 2. \u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u578b (Model)\nclass User(db.Model):\n    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)\n    username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)\n    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)\n    password_hash = db.Column(db.String(256), nullable=False)\n\n    def __repr__(self):\n        return f'&lt;User {self.username}&gt;'\n\n# 3. \u5b9a\u4e49 API \u8d44\u6e90 (Resources)\n\n# --- \u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\u8d44\u6e90 (\u5bf9\u5e94 \/users) ---\nclass UserList(Resource):\n    # GET: \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\n    def get(self):\n        users = User.query.all()\n        # \u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u5217\u8868\u4ee5\u4fbf JSON \u5e8f\u5217\u5316\n        return jsonify(&#91;\n            {'id': user.id, 'username': user.username, 'email': user.email} \n            for user in users\n        ])\n\n    # POST: \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\n    def post(self):\n        json_data = request.get_json() # \u83b7\u53d6\u524d\u7aef\u4f20\u6765\u7684 JSON \u6570\u636e\n\n        # \u7b80\u5355\u6821\u9a8c\n        if not json_data or not json_data.get('username') or not json_data.get('email'):\n            return {'message': '\u7f3a\u5c11\u5fc5\u8981\u5b57\u6bb5 (username, email, password)'}, 400\n\n        # \u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\n        if User.query.filter_by(username=json_data&#91;'username']).first():\n            return {'message': '\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728'}, 409\n\n        # \u5bc6\u7801\u52a0\u5bc6\u5b58\u50a8 (\u4e0d\u8981\u5b58\u660e\u6587\uff01)\n        password_hash = generate_password_hash(json_data&#91;'password'])\n\n        new_user = User(\n            username=json_data&#91;'username'],\n            email=json_data&#91;'email'],\n            password_hash=password_hash\n        )\n\n        db.session.add(new_user)\n        db.session.commit()\n\n        return {'message': '\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f', 'id': new_user.id}, 201\n\n# --- \u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8d44\u6e90 (\u5bf9\u5e94 \/users\/&lt;id&gt;) ---\nclass UserItem(Resource):\n    # GET: \u83b7\u53d6\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\n    def get(self, user_id):\n        user = User.query.get(user_id)\n        if not user:\n            return {'message': '\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728'}, 404\n        return jsonify({'id': user.id, 'username': user.username, 'email': user.email})\n\n    # PUT: \u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\n    def put(self, user_id):\n        user = User.query.get(user_id)\n        if not user:\n            return {'message': '\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728'}, 404\n\n        json_data = request.get_json()\n\n        # \u66f4\u65b0\u5b57\u6bb5\n        if 'username' in json_data:\n            user.username = json_data&#91;'username']\n        if 'email' in json_data:\n            user.email = json_data&#91;'email']\n        if 'password' in json_data:\n            user.password_hash = generate_password_hash(json_data&#91;'password'])\n\n        db.session.commit()\n        return {'message': '\u7528\u6237\u66f4\u65b0\u6210\u529f'}\n\n    # DELETE: \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\n    def delete(self, user_id):\n        user = User.query.get(user_id)\n        if not user:\n            return {'message': '\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728'}, 404\n\n        db.session.delete(user)\n        db.session.commit()\n        return {'message': '\u7528\u6237\u5220\u9664\u6210\u529f'}\n\n# 4. \u6ce8\u518c\u8def\u7531\napi.add_resource(UserList, '\/users')\napi.add_resource(UserItem, '\/users\/&lt;int:user_id&gt;')\n\n# 5. \u542f\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    with app.app_context():\n        db.create_all() # \u9996\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\n    app.run(debug=True, host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\ude80 \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fd0\u884c <code>python app.py<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Postman\u3001curl \u6216\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u63d2\u4ef6\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237 (POST)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>URL: <code>http:\/\/127.0.0.1:5000\/users<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Body (JSON):<br><code>json { \"username\": \"alice\", \"email\": \"alice@example.com\", \"password\": \"securepassword123\" }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237 (GET)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>URL: <code>http:\/\/127.0.0.1:5000\/users<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237 (GET)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>URL: <code>http:\/\/127.0.0.1:5000\/users\/1<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udccc \u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ORM \u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 <code>User.query...<\/code> \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5199 <code>SELECT * FROM users...<\/code> \u8fd9\u6837\u7684 SQL \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb\u4e14\u4e0d\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5bc6\u7801\u52a0\u5bc6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 <code>werkzeug.security<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u5bc6\u7801\u54c8\u5e0c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9632\u6ce8\u5165<\/strong>\uff1aSQLAlchemy \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u53c2\u6570\u8f6c\u4e49\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>RESTful \u89c4\u8303<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>GET \/users<\/code>\uff1a\u67e5\u5168\u90e8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>POST \/users<\/code>\uff1a\u589e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>GET \/users\/&lt;id><\/code>\uff1a\u67e5\u5355\u4e2a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>PUT \/users\/&lt;id><\/code>\uff1a\u6539<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>DELETE \/users\/&lt;id><\/code>\uff1a\u5220<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udce6 \u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u817e\u8baf\u4e91<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>app.py<\/code> \u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5982\u8f7b\u91cf\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216 CVM\uff09\u540e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u786e\u4fdd\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7ec4\u5f00\u653e\u4e86 <strong>5000<\/strong> \u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u6216\u4f60\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>http:\/\/&lt;\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\u516c\u7f51IP>:5000\/users<\/code> \u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528 Flask \u5c01\u88c5 SQLite \u7684 API \u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7ecf\u5178\u4e14\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u89c4\u8303\u5730\u5f00\u53d1 &#8230; <a title=\"\u65b9\u6848\u4e8c\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u7528Flask\u5c01\u88c5SQLite\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\uff1f\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/?p=21\" aria-label=\"\u9605\u8bfb \u65b9\u6848\u4e8c\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u7528Flask\u5c01\u88c5SQLite\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\uff1f\">\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22,"href":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21\/revisions\/22"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/130132.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}